Insights — J.E. Simmons and Company

The Backdoor Roth IRA

Written by Kyle Simmons | Mar 6, 2026 4:40:13 PM

A Simple Strategy High‑Income Business Owners Should Know

If you’re a successful business owner, you’ve probably heard some version of this: “You make too much to contribute to a Roth IRA.”

Technically true. Practically… not quite.

For many high‑earning practice owners and entrepreneurs who already max out their 401(k), the Backdoor Roth IRA is one of the simplest ways to add additional tax‑free retirement savings each year. It won’t reduce taxes today, but it can create a pool of money that may never be taxed again.

Additional Roth funds can also allow you to invest in higher‑growth assets inside a tax‑free environment.

And in a world where tax rates are historically low but unlikely to stay that way forever, that flexibility can be valuable.

Why Roth Money Matters (Especially for Business Owners)

Most business owners tend to accumulate wealth in three main buckets:

  • Pre‑tax retirement accounts (pre-tax 401(k), profit sharing, SEP)
  • Taxable brokerage accounts
  • Business equity

 A Roth IRA adds a fourth bucket: tax‑free money. 

 That flexibility matters in retirement. Roth accounts: 

  • Grow tax‑free
  • Allow tax‑free withdrawals if rules are met
  • Have no required minimum distributions (RMDs)

That last point is particularly important. Large pre‑tax accounts eventually create required distributions that can push retirees into higher tax brackets or trigger Medicare premium surcharges.

Think of Roth dollars as tax‑planning ammunition for retirement.

What Is a Backdoor Roth IRA?

A Backdoor Roth IRA is simply a two‑step process:

  1. Contribute to a non‑deductible traditional IRA
  2. Convert that IRA to a Roth IRA

Traditional IRA contributions do not have income limits, which means high earners can still make the initial contribution. The conversion step then moves those dollars into a Roth account.

2026 Contribution Limits

  • $7,500 per person
  • $8,600 if age 50 or older

It is important to note that the taxpayer needs income in order to contribute to an IRA. Wages are the most common form of income and can be used to fund an IRA contribution.

The rules can get complicated about what constitutes income, so its best consult your advisor if you do not have a normal wage or aren't sure you qualify.  

For a married couple over 50, that means $17,200 per year moving into tax‑free territory.

Not life‑changing in year one. But over decades, it can compound into a meaningful tax‑free asset.

How the Process Works

The mechanics are fairly straightforward for high earners:

  1. Open a traditional IRA
  2. Contribute the annual limit using after‑tax dollars
  3. Convert the IRA to a Roth IRA shortly after

If the conversion happens quickly, there is usually little or no tax owed because the contribution was already made with after‑tax money.

Pro tip: if the money sits in the traditional IRA for months and grows before conversion, the IRS will happily tax that growth.

The Big Watch‑Out: The Pro‑Rata Rule

Here’s where things can get tricky.

If you already have existing traditional IRA balances, the IRS requires conversions to be calculated pro‑rata across all IRAs.

In other words, you cannot simply convert “just the after‑tax portion.” The IRS treats all of your traditional IRAs as one combined account.

Example

  • $93,000 pre‑tax IRA
  • $7,000 after‑tax contribution

Only 7% of the conversion would be tax‑free.

This is why many business owners roll existing IRA balances into a 401(k) before implementing the backdoor strategy.

Yes, the IRS rarely makes things simple.

When the Strategy Works Best

Backdoor Roth contributions often make the most sense for people who:

  • Have high earnings (Married Filing Joint income > $242,000, Single income > $153,000 for 2026)
  • Already max out their 401(k)
  • Have strong cash flow
  • Expect higher taxes in the future
  • Want tax diversification in retirement

This profile fits many successful business owners.

Having a tax‑free bucket available can give you significantly more control over how you draw income in retirement and how much tax you pay along the way.

A Few Drawbacks

Before implementing the strategy, keep a few limitations in mind:

  • Earnings must remain in the Roth for 5 years and until age 59½ to be withdrawn tax‑free
  • The pro‑rata rule can complicate conversions
  • If your tax bracket ends up much lower in retirement, the benefit may be smaller

Still, for many high earners the math often favors building at least some Roth assets over time as "insurance" against higher rates in the future.

The Takeaway

The Backdoor Roth IRA is not flashy. It won’t dramatically change your retirement outlook in a single year.

But consistently funding one can quietly build a meaningful pool of tax‑free retirement assets over time.

Think of it like hitting singles in baseball. One base hit won’t win the game, but a steady stream of them over a long time can add up to a very impressive career.

As always, the details matter. Before implementing a backdoor strategy, it’s worth coordinating with your CPA or advisor to ensure the pro‑rata rules and existing IRA balances are handled correctly.

If you’re a business owner wondering whether a backdoor Roth makes sense in your situation, consider scheduling an introduction call to discuss how it might fit into your overall financial plan.

Disclosure

The content and information presented herein are for educational purposes only and should not be construed as a solicitation or offer to buy or sell any investment services. Nothing contained in this material should be considered an offer to provide any product or service in any jurisdiction that would be unlawful under the securities laws of that jurisdiction. The information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable; however, the Firm does not guarantee accuracy or completeness of the information. Such information is subject to change at any time without notice. Before taking any action, you should consult with a qualified tax, legal, or financial professional.